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The Indus valley civilization is also known as the Harappan civilization. The civilization occurred in what is now known Pakistan and northwest India. Evidence of religious practices in this area date back approximately to 5500 BCE. By 2600 BCE multiple towns and cities were established, at this time the Indus Valley was at its peak.The first signs of urbanization began around 3000 BCE and farming settlements which began around 4000 BCE. The life of the Indus Valley Homes in the Indus valley were one or two stories high and made out of baked brick with flat roofs, each were built to look identical. These houses were built around courtyards which windows overlooked and they had their own private drinking well and a private bathroom. Clay pipes led from bathrooms to sewers located under streets, these sewers drained into nearly rivers and streams. The Indus valley civilization was a very advanced civilization. Both men and women wore colourful robes, women wore jewelry made of gold and precious stone and also wore lipstick! During this era there was also entertainment! A bronze statue of a dancer was found which assumed that the people of the Indus valley enjoyed dance and had great skill working with metals. Scientists have found a large central pool with steps leading down at both ends. This may have been a public swimming pool or may have been used for religious ceremonies and around this large pool there were smaller rooms that may have been dressings rooms or smaller private pools. Food was wheat bread with barley or rice. The Indus valley society were very good farmers and grew barley,peas, melons, wheat and dates. Farms raised cotton and had herds of sheep, pigs, zebus which is a type of cow and water buffalo's, fish was caught with fishhooks. Each town had their own large storage building for grain. THE ARYANS Aryan is the name given to people who spoke the archaic Indo-European language who settled in prehistoric times in ancient Iran and the northern Indian subcontinent. The hypothesis of an Aryan Race appeared in the mid-19th century and remained until the mid-20th century. According to the hypothesis the Aryans were a group who invaded and conquered ancient India from the north and that their literature, religion, and modes of social organisation shaped the course of the Indian culture. The Verdic religion that formed eventually was over thrown by Hinduism. Hinduism as Sanatana Dharma Santana Dharma is the meaning of the Eternal Religion. The principles within Sanatana Dharma include: Belief of the God Head and live a pious life, the main motto in Santana Dharma which is Paropakarartham Idam Sareeram meaning this body is meant to serve others, Dharmo Rakshati Rakshitaha which means protect Verdic Dharma and it will protect you. Vasudhaiva kutumbakam, 'Vasudhaa' meaning earth, 'Eva' meaning certainly and Kutubakam meaning family relations so Verdic Sages are saying that the world is a small, tightly knit, nuclear family. Sanatana Dharma provides global vision and a structured approach to life so the followers of Sanatana Dharma need to work together for the same reason which is to bring peace and harmony at all levels. Devotion to Gods Vishnu and Shiva Meditation is mportant, there is generally emphasis on religious devotion, religious feeling and morality over doctrine and contemplation, there is focus on the heart, not the head. Followers perform a religious ritual which consists of pouring water and sandalwood and pray to the Gods. |
![]() ![]() The Verdic Period
The Vedic period is a period in Indian history in which the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed.In the early part of the Vedic period, the Indo-Aryans settled into northern India implementing their specific religious traditions. It was a tribal society centred in the northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent; it spread after 1200 BCE. Towards the end of the Verdic Period there was a rise of large urbanised states as well as the Shramana (non-Vedic Indian religious movement) parallel to but separate from the movement which chanlleged the Verdic Orthodoxy. In the beginging of the common Era, the verdic tradition formed one of the main constituents. Early Development of Hinduism to the Era of the Upanishads The Upanishad is the core of Indian philosophy. They are a collection of writings from original oral transmissions. The Upanishads include the fundamental teavhings that are central to Hinduism, they also set prime Vedic doctrines of self-realization, yoga and meditation. The Upanishads are summarisations of thought on mankind and the universe, that is designed to push human ideas to their very limit and beyond. They give spiritual vision and philosophical argument, and by ones owns effort to reach truth. |